Inside the metaverse meetups that let people share on death, grief, and pain

Days without learning that her husband, Ted, had only months to live, Claire Matte found herself telling strangers well-nigh it in VR.

The 62-year-old retiree had bought a virtual-reality headset in 2021 as a social getaway. Ted had late-stage cancer, and the intense responsibility of caring for him had shrunk her daily reality. With the Oculus, she’d travel the world in VR and sing karaoke.

But last January, without 32 failed rounds of radiation, a doctor had told Matte and her husband that it was time to requite up on treating his cancer.

“[Ted] did not want to know how long he had,” she tells me. “He left the room.” But Matte felt that, as his caretaker, she had to know. When Ted was out of earshot, the doctors told her he had four to six months to live.

On the car ride home, Ted asked if he had at least six months left. Matte decided “yes” was an honest unbearable answer.

Ted took his prognosis in stride—he stayed excited for the next football season, and Matte unprotected him laughing in front of the TV hours without the news. But he grew too sick to leave the house or, given his fragile immune system, to see guests. Their isolation deepened.

Matte still had the virtual world, though she says, “After the death sentence, I didn’t exactly finger like singing.” Later that month, as she checked out a timetable of live meetups to shepherd in VR, one event unprotected her attention: “What’s this Death Q&A?”

A virtual destination where conversation can veer from the utopian to the incredibly intimate, Death Q&A is a weekly hour-long session built virtually grappling with mortality, where attendees often unshut up well-nigh experiences and feelings they’ve shared with no one else. Bright, cartoon-like avatars represent the dozen or so people who shepherd each meetup, freed by VR’s combination of anonymity and togetherness to engage strangers with an earnestness we typically reserve for rare moments, if we reveal it at all.

During my four months sitting in on Death Q&A and similar sessions, I’ve heard people process cancer diagnoses, question their marriages, share treasured memories of parents and friends who’d passed hours before, turn over diaper traumas, and question openly how we can stare lanugo our own mortality.

Despite the perception that they’re just for gaming, increasingly people like Matte are putting on VR headsets to talk through deep pain in their day-to-day lives. The people peekaboo VR meetups like Death Q&A are test-driving a new type of 360° digital community: one much increasingly visceral and consuming than Zoom or the online forums that came before, and untethered to the ramified social network that grounds and creates tension in traditional, face-to-face experiences.

“These relationships that we make in VR can wilt very intimate and deep and vulnerable,” says Tom Nickel, the 73-year-old former hospice volunteer who runs the virtual meetups with co-host Ryan Astheimer. “But they’re not complicated. Our lives don’t depend on each other.”

These people don’t share a bathroom. They don’t need to get out of bed or squint presentable. They just have to listen. Many people undeniability the meetups a lifeline—one that was particularly needed during the pandemic but seems poised to persist long after, as money continues to be pumped into towers out the metaverse and loneliness crushes increasingly people than ever.

Building an intimate VR community

Entering Death Q&A plops you in front of an inviting reproduction of a Tibetan Buddhist temple, surrounded by images from a variegated real-life graveyard each week. People unify their virtual selves to squatter Nickel, who stands at the front by an altar. He begins most sessions by asking in a warm, neighborly voice if anyone has come with something specific to share.

About 20% log on from computers, which unhook only a 2D experience; the rest shepherd using VR headsets, so I put one on too. Wearing it, you hear other attendees so tropical up—the tremble in their voices, and a bouquet of accents. It’s as if they’re in your ear, whispering. Laughter and tears seem equally common.

The undercurrent in the sessions feels nostalgic and confessional—spectating has often felt like crashing a denomination service or family reunion. The prod brings a palpable marvel well-nigh the lives of the other attendees. Surpassing Nickel kicks off each session, regulars often trudge together to reservation up; without the hour, most attendees strike up unmoderated conversations and segregate to linger.

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Matte attended her first Death Q&A right without she learned how soon her husband would die. Though Ted didn’t want to know, “those people, I could tell how long he had left,” she says.

After Matte shared, someone raised their hand to empathize, describing how they’d grieved and recovered from losing their spouse. This is one of the most striking things well-nigh Death Q&A—sharing scrutinizingly unchangingly inspires someone else to talk well-nigh an wits so similar that participants finger they’ve found a person who unquestionably understands what they’re going through.

Waiyaki says he didn’t indulge himself to process his sister’s death until he did it through VR. “Men, in my society, can’t be seen breaking down,” he explains. “At Death Q&A, I was worldly-wise to put the valise down. I was worldly-wise to mourn and cry the tears I hadn’t cried before. It hurt to, but I could finger a wound heal as I did.”

Saying goodbye during a pandemic

Death Q&A and a similar evening session tabbed Saying Goodbye, which is focused on loss, are just two of the 40 or so live events offered each week by EvolVR, a virtual spiritual polity that was founded in 2017 by Tom Nickel’s son, Jeremy.

Before starting EvolVR, Jeremy Nickel led an interfaith denomination congregation in the Bay Area that was “very liberal in theology,” he says. He was looking for new ways to minister, untethered to the conventions of mainstream religion, when he first tried on a VR headset in 2015.

“The lightbulb went off in my head—people finger like they’re really together in VR,” Jeremy says. That feeling of true presence, as if avatars were really sharing a room together, convinced him that a spiritual polity could form among people wearing headsets. He left the physical pulpit to host live group meditations in VR.

Then the pandemic hit. Both Saying Goodbye and Death Q&A began in early 2020—“our response to understanding that people would be losing a lot,” Tom Nickel says. They knew “that maybe people would need places to talk well-nigh it,” expressly as covid precautions took yonder hospital-bed goodbyes and shrank people’s social circles.

Nickel, a cancer survivor himself, had spent years helping the dying depart comfortably as a hospice caregiver. That helped him gently moderate crowded Saying Goodbye and Death Q&A sessions as people joined to mourn friends and family, lament canceled graduations and sealed beaches, and air uneasiness well-nigh the fragility of elderly family members.

Covid-19 moreover triggered a wave of what psychologists undeniability mortality salience—the realization that death isn’t only possible, but inevitable.

Elena Lister, a psychiatrist at Columbia University who specializes in grief, says a healthy level of withholding well-nigh death is necessary. But now, Lister says, her colleagues are talking well-nigh a pandemic of loss that’s stuff felt wideness society—the product of mass death compounded by stunted mourning.

In particular, doctors like Lister worry well-nigh complicated grief, a psychiatric disorder diagnosed when, a year without a loss, the pain of vigilant grief hasn’t begun muting. Well-nigh 10% of the bereaved have it; they remain severely socially withdrawn and despairing, incapable of resuming the activities of their life.

The pandemic created particularly fertile ground for complicated grief. Funerals are meant to kick-start the process of integrating loss into our new reality, but for two years, “we couldn’t be together to hug and cry and sob,” she says. Lister thinks experiencing the pandemic has unquestionably left people more avoidant of discussing death.

To explain the promise of processing grief in VR, Lister paraphrases wisdom from Mr. Rogers: “What’s mentionable is manageable.” When avatars file into Death Q&A, “what those people are doing is having an wits where they’re putting what’s deeply, tightly painful inside of them into words,” Lister says, turning raw torment into something workable.

Social isolation makes it increasingly likely that loss will harden into complicated grief. But mourning invites estrangement. Everyday conversation can finger unbearably trite when your loss feels so much increasingly piercing, but “after a while people don’t want to hear it considering they can’t fix it for you,” Nickel says. Death Q&A hands a mic to that pain and supplies an eager audience; Lister says having that polity is unconfined for promoting a healthy progression through grief.

A VR support group might suit you largest than a traditional one considering “there’s protection,” she says. “You can tenancy what’s seen well-nigh you.” Sharing through an avatar, to people you never have to see again, creates a digital veil that liberates people to be shockingly honest and vulnerable.

Indeed, this echoes how Matte describes her VR experiences. “I would come and say some pretty bad things in a matter-of-fact voice, and often [Nickel] would say—‘Whoa, you know, let’s stay with this a while,’” Matte says, noting how Ted worried well-nigh stuff a burden. ​​“Some days I really don’t know how I went without walking virtually the house tearful all the time … so I told myself: Get your shit together.” Airing her devastation in VR helped her focus on making his death as well-appointed as possible.

By 2021, Jeremy Nickel felt his nonprofit organization had reached an inflection point. EvolVR says 40,000 people had participated in its events since 2017. At that point, “we can either stay this sweet little thing that’s serving a couple hundred people,” he figured—or “we could make a play and try to share this with a whole lot more.”

He opted to create spaces where people can practice this new way to mourn and process in huge numbers.

In February 2022, he sold EvolVR to TRIPP, a Los Angeles–based company, for an undisclosed amount. TRIPP, which raised over $11 million in funding from backers including Amazon the previous year, has offered VR-guided meditations since 2017; the sessions have people do things like visualize their vapor as stardust, coming in and out at the platonic pace to meditate.

But TRIPP’s VR meditations were solo experiences. By acquiring EvolVR, the visitor got a endangerment to tap into the unstructured, relationship-driven world of social VR, which provides a gathering space where anyone can shepherd events or meet people at virtual destinations unshut 24/7.

A “paradigm shift” for the sick and elderly

Saying Goodbye is Death Q&A’s nighttime counterpart, which Tom Nickel moreover runs on Tuesdays. Avatars gather virtually a firepit that’s lit at the end of each session.

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Most attendees dress casually, while a few segregate unnatural skin tones like unexceptionable blue. I dressed my own avatar in drab merchantry casual, hoping to be inconspicuous. But without taking raised hands, Nickel calls on quiet attendees, asking if there’s anything on their minds that they’d like to share. During two Saying Goodbye sessions, I surprised myself by answering yes—once to talk well-nigh a painful breakup and the next time to share my mom’s cancer diagnosis. I’d spoken to friends well-nigh both, but venting in VR gave me permission to air the anxieties that their consolations couldn’t shake, without worrying well-nigh stuff melodramatic.

The age of participants varies, but most are over 30, and many are over 60. This initially surprised me, though in hindsight, the particular request of VR for older people is obvious.

A regular at Saying Goodbye, a user with a British vocalizing and the screen name Esoteric Student, tells me he bought an Oculus on a whim in 2020. That year he lived with his nan, who was seriously ill. He watched her world shrink.

“Imagine stuff an 80-year-old lady and seeing your whirligig get smaller,” he says. “So you start off with the boundaries of the house. And it just keeps getting smaller, until you’re in one spot. And that’s it.”

He showed her the Oculus and asked, “Want to go on a spacewalk?”

They tried out a popular wits from NASA that lets you view Earth from the International Space Station. It made him sick, but his grandmother loved it. She’d never left the country.

Before she died, she saw increasingly of the world and parts of Mars through real, crystal-clear, immersive images rendered in VR.

“Coming from the Unconfined Depression to running to flop shelters in Birmingham to sooner spending her last days stuff worldly-wise to ascend, in a way?” he explains, crying a little bit. “It’s a paradigm shift.”

Some familiar faces at Saying Goodbye and Death Q&A are terminally ill or disabled. VR can offer a path to friendship and fresh experiences that cuts through people’s physical limits. It can moreover help the elderly stave the loneliness they might finger as they watch friends die and children move away, and as retirement removes them from the working world.

Matte experiences mobility issues herself. “So I can go in VR and run, jump off a building—you know, everything under the sun,” she says. “Be young again, really.”

How far virtual support can go

Despite all its promise, at least one thing well-nigh processing emotions in VR makes Lister nervous: How do you know if people are so distressed they are at risk of harming themselves?

“It allows for increasingly hiding,” she notes. When people interact as avatars, the nonverbal liaison that psychiatrists are trained to notice, like hand gestures and fidgeting feet, is simply lost.

And the name Death Q&A can particularly vamp people in crisis. Toward the end of one Death Q&A session I attended in September, an avatar in a lime untried snapback, who sounded young, asked if he could speak. He’d tried to skiver himself a few weeks surpassing and said he’d found immense peace in the decision. But having survived, he told us, his policies had changed—he was flirting with girls nonstop and found everything funny. He came off as strikingly light and unbothered. His question was: I’m still here. Now what?

Nickel sprang into action—offering, with a gentle urgency, to connect him to other survivors of suicide and asking if the young man could talk one on one without the session.

“I have to do my weightier to understand: Are you in a unscratched place right now?” Nickel says he asks himself when an attendee shares something that worries him. In wing to working in hospice, Nickel moreover previously worked as the director of standing education at the California School for Professional Psychology, where he took and helped develop workshops on suicide sensation and response. But he says these trainings all need updating and rethinking for VR.

“I think that the weightier I can do is to offer a daily, hearing, non-judging, non-trying-to-save-anybody contact,” he says. When people in the meetup seem “shaky,” Nickel DMs them and shares his personal email. The boy in the snapback never replied. But some people do. “And in a couple of cases, I tabbed every day.”

Lister agrees that anyone expressing suicidal ideation needs repeated support from someone highly trained. She says that if you’re going to do grief work virtually, there needs to be “a full understanding of how to reach this person, and what the follow-up is”—though, plane in person, you can’t make anyone return to get help.

The increasingly muscular tools of suicide prevention, like unvarying monitoring and physical restraints, are moreover not misogynist in VR. “If somebody came to me in person and said they were suicidal or had tried to end their life last week, I would have unconfined pause well-nigh having them leave my office until I felt like I could secure their safety,” Lister says.

“All I had to do was put on a headset”

In the months without Ted’s prognosis, Matte updated her new friends and fellow avatars as Ted’s voice gave out and his legs shrank from sturdy to emaciated.

Then, two nights surpassing Ted died, he suddenly awoke, full of energy, and asked his wife if they could order Chinese food.

He’d slept through the day and hadn’t eaten or taken his medicine, which terrified Matte. That night they enjoyed pork fried rice together on the couch; Ted ate increasingly than he had in weeks. He put the Cubs game on in the background—he was a loyal fan, despite stuff from New York. “He loved an underdog,” Matte says.

It was his last solid meal. Ted Matte died June 11, 2022, at age 77.

Matte decided to shepherd Death Q&A and Saying Goodbye two days later. “I sort of surprised myself, stuff worldly-wise to go,” she says. “But all I had to do was put on a headset.”

Unlike most sessions, which move from person to person, the meetings were mostly spent on Matte. Attendance at Saying Goodbye that night doubled; people said they’d come to support Matte. Through months of meetups, they’d come to finger like they knew Ted. She told them well-nigh the process of his death and their conversations in hospice. “I said that I would be okay. And I knew he loved me. And I loved him dearly,” Matte says. “And so you requite the person permission to die, really.”

Attendees offered condolences and asked questions. Matte says people are interested “to compare and learn” well-nigh how peers wits a similar loss differently.

On the EvolVR Discord a month without Ted’s death, Matte shared that she’d gotten four straight nights of good sleep: “I’m onto something.” Three months out, I joined Matte in a Death Q&A session where she shared the frustration of handling an earache without Ted: “I just want someone to commiserate with!” That prompted a first-time attendee to speak, through sobs, well-nigh her husband’s death a year and a half earlier. Matte invited her to Saying Goodbye that night and stayed without to repletion her.

It’s now been six months since Ted passed. Matte feels she’s reached a turning point; she says the edges of her grief have softened. But it saddens her to move remoter from that anniversary. She still spends a few hours in virtual reality each day. Some days she’ll do a meditation session, or play a game with friends. But her Tuesdays remain bookended by grief meetups.

Matte acknowledges Death Q&A isn’t for everyone. She says tropical friends have questioned whether the meetups are cultish. But sharing her grief in VR and offering what she’s learned has “felt like a warm blanket, to be honest.”

“I don’t know what my journey would have been like without it,” she says. “But I have to envision it as much worse.”

Hana Kiros is a former Emerging Journalism Fellow at MIT Technology Review. As a freelancer, she covers science, human rights, and technology.